Abstract: Pyrite and its associated ores contain heavy metals.Low grade waste ore is soaked in acidic water for a long time,and heavy metal pollutants in waste slag are dissolved,forming serious secondary heavy metal pollution.By studying and analyzing the pollution characteristics and evolution mechanism of iron ions in pyrite mining areas in southern Shaanxi,effective support is provided for precise and scientific pollution control of abandoned pyrite mines.The research results show that surface oxidation of sulfide ores does not occur uniformly,and the degree of oxidation is influenced by factors such as the acidity and alkalinity of the medium,the concentration of oxidants （02 and Fe3+）,temperature,and bacteria.Therefore,by changing the ore occurrence conditions and using new geological polymer materials mainly made from waste slag,the leaching heavy metal content can be significantly reduced,and the acidity and alkalinity of water quality can gradually improve.